What was the fundamental difference in groove movement between Berliner's Gramophone and Edison's earlier phonograph?

Answer

The gramophone stylus moved side-to-side (lateral-cut)

Berliner's Gramophone used a lateral-cut groove where the stylus moved side-to-side, whereas Edison's phonograph relied on the stylus moving up and down (the vertical or 'hill-and-dale' groove).

What was the fundamental difference in groove movement between Berliner's Gramophone and Edison's earlier phonograph?
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