What key AC technology development enabled efficient long-distance transmission?

Answer

The ability to step AC voltage up or down using transformers.

The decisive factor that allowed Alternating Current (AC) to surpass the limitations of Direct Current (DC) was the engineering breakthrough involving transformers. Transformers provided the necessary mechanism to efficiently change the voltage levels of the AC supply. Specifically, AC voltage could be drastically increased (stepped up) to very high levels for transmission across long distances, which minimized resistive energy losses. Once the power reached the destination area, it could then be safely and effectively reduced (stepped down) near the end-user for domestic and commercial consumption. This voltage transformation capability directly solved the distance problem that plagued Edison's DC system.

What key AC technology development enabled efficient long-distance transmission?

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