What fundamental physical principle did Michael Faraday demonstrate that enabled the theoretical basis for the electric generator?

Answer

Electromagnetic induction.

Faraday demonstrated electromagnetic induction in the 1830s, showing that a changing magnetic field could induce an electric current in a conductor, providing the necessary theoretical foundation for large-scale mechanical energy conversion into electricity.

What fundamental physical principle did Michael Faraday demonstrate that enabled the theoretical basis for the electric generator?
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