What characteristic defined the immediate successor machine often referred to as the *boneshaker*?

Answer

The addition of cranks and pedals directly to the front wheel hub

The next major iteration involved adding cranks and pedals directly to the front wheel hub, shifting the propulsion source from foot contact to mechanical linkage.

What characteristic defined the immediate successor machine often referred to as the *boneshaker*?
inventordesignmachinepedalbicycle