Regarding tracing the concept's lineage, what did early research often focus on before formalizing the output?
Answer
The data collection method, termed phenotyping.
The foundational work preceding the formal definition of the digital biomarker often prioritized understanding the mechanism of continuous, passive data capture. Early researchers focused heavily on establishing the feasibility of collecting high-frequency behavioral data using custom sensors or specialized systems—this focus on the collection method itself is what relates to phenotyping. Only after establishing robust methods for gathering this raw behavioral input did the subsequent step occur: formalizing the derived, quantifiable metrics from that data stream into recognized digital biomarkers.
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