Which measurement standard for plastics points directly toward Leo Baekeland and Bakelite?

The standard based on the first material made entirely without natural organic input.

The complex history of plastics means the title of 'inventor' depends entirely on the criteria used for evaluation. If the definition focuses strictly on achieving a completely novel molecular structure derived solely from synthetic precursors, the credit belongs to Leo Baekeland. His creation, Bakelite, was the first fully synthetic plastic, created from phenol and formaldehyde, containing no derived natural organic matter. This contrasts sharply with Parkesine (cellulose nitrate based) and Celluloid (modified cellulose based), which were both semi-synthetic because their foundational polymer structure originated in nature. Therefore, the criteria of achieving absolute independence from natural raw material inputs designates Baekeland as the pioneer of the synthetic age.