What essential evolution, occurring after the DC/AC conflict, was necessary for creating resilient, large-scale regional grids?

Answer

Standardization of system components, including transformer design and protective relaying.

Beyond the current type, the grid required engineering achievements such as standardizing transformer designs and developing protective relaying systems specifically to manage faults occurring on long transmission lines.

What essential evolution, occurring after the DC/AC conflict, was necessary for creating resilient, large-scale regional grids?
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