What defining characteristic separates a microcontroller from a microprocessor, according to historical claims?

Answer

Being a standalone computer on a chip versus being just a CPU core.

The critical dividing line between the historical claims rests on the architectural definition: a microcontroller is a self-contained computer on a chip, whereas a microprocessor is primarily just the CPU core requiring external support chips.

What defining characteristic separates a microcontroller from a microprocessor, according to historical claims?
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