When did Baldwin secure a patent for his improved pinwheel machine application?
Answer
1887
After initially conceiving of his pinwheel device in 1875, Frank Stephen Baldwin worked to refine his mechanism, culminating in securing a patent for his improved machine in 1887. This patent was crucial as it legally solidified his claim regarding the specific application of the pinwheel principle for automated calculation devices in the United States. While the concept had theoretical roots dating back to Leibniz, Baldwin's patent protected his practical implementation of the stepped drum for commercial calculation, securing his contribution to mechanical efficiency in the office setting.
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