According to the text, when did the true *invention* of effective, useful assessment primarily occur?

Answer

After years of litigation and agency learning compelled substantive analysis.

While NEPA provided the legal structure in 1970, the text suggests that the practical invention of an effective assessment tool happened only after judicial review forced agencies to conduct serious, substantive analysis rather than mere paperwork completion.

According to the text, when did the true *invention* of effective, useful assessment primarily occur?
inventionenvironmentassessmentimpactregulation