Which three living creatures were included as passengers during the September 1783 tethered biological experiment overseen by the Académie des Sciences?
Answer
A sheep, a duck, and a rooster
Before risking human life, the Montgolfiers, with the involvement of Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier, conducted a crucial biological safety experiment in September 1783 in Versailles. The primary goal was to assess the effects of the lifting medium—the hot air—on living organisms. The chosen passengers were a specific trio: a sheep, intended as a surrogate for a terrestrial mammal capable of remaining stationary for a flight duration; a duck, presumably to test the effects of altitude on creatures already adapted to flight; and a rooster. The success of this specific grouping returning unharmed provided necessary empirical validation to advance toward manned flight.
Related Questions
What did the Montgolfiers initially hypothesize was the active lifting agent based on early smoke containment tests?Which material reportedly offered better containment than paper for a given weight during larger, significant experiments?What specific substance was used by the brothers to join the sheets of paper together in the construction of the envelope?During the critical public unmanned flight in Annonay in June 1783, what weight capacity did the large bag successfully demonstrate?Which three living creatures were included as passengers during the September 1783 tethered biological experiment overseen by the Académie des Sciences?What prevailing, yet ultimately incorrect, scientific concepts did the brothers initially try to align their smoke observations with?On what specific date did Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier conduct the first untethered flight in a Montgolfier balloon?What combination of materials was famously used when constructing one of the Montgolfiers' larger balloons for structural integrity?What concept did the Montgolfiers eventually recognize as the true agent of lift, superseding their initial focus on visible smoke?What was the primary experimental focus during the final, crucial phase involving the manned flight on November 21, 1783?