Why did Edison's carbon microphone quickly become the standard for telephony over Bell's original design?
Answer
It produced a much larger, more powerful fluctuation in current.
Edison’s carbon microphone produced an output signal strong enough to be sent across miles of wire because the resistance variation caused a much larger fluctuation in the current than Bell's weak electromagnetic vibrations.

Related Questions
What was the name of the apparatus engineered by Johann Philipp Reis around 1861?What principle allowed Alexander Graham Bell's 1876 telephone patent to function?In what year did Thomas Alva Edison invent the carbon transmitter?What material was placed in a small cavity in Edison's carbon transmitter design?Why did Edison's carbon microphone quickly become the standard for telephony over Bell's original design?Which inventor coined the term "microphone" in 1878?What did David Edward Hughes's term "microphone" literally mean, reflecting its intended function?E.C. Wente developed the first practical, modern condenser microphone in which year?What was the general result when Johann Philipp Reis attempted to transmit speech using his 1861 apparatus?What inherent flaw in the carbon method drove later microphone engineering toward condenser and dynamic types?Which inventors contributed concepts related to the moving-coil design in the late 19th century, indicating awareness of better transducers?