tsunami articles
What specific catastrophic event in 1946 prompted the formalization of tsunami hazard mitigation in the Pacific basin?
In what year was the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center (PTWC) established in Honolulu, Hawaii?
Why did early warning systems relying solely on seismometers frequently result in alerts that were considered educated guesses?
How does a DART system confirm the presence of a tsunami wave in the deep ocean?
What fundamental limitation made coastal tide gauges insufficient for early tsunami warnings?
What is the primary function of tsunami sirens installed in vulnerable coastal zones?
Which major historical event influenced the installation of specialized outdoor warning systems in the United States through federal recognition?
What advantage do sirens possess compared to digital alert methods like SMS text messages?
What is the primary mission of the NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) regarding tsunami warning systems?