State articles
What system created by Joseph Weizenbaum used simple pattern matching for an illusion of comprehension?
What critical flaw caused rule-based dialog state tracking to suffer when the SLU provided multiple hypotheses?
What concept did generative models, dominant in the 2000s, allow the system to explicitly represent using a distribution over states?
What formal probabilistic structure notably dominated generative modeling for DST in the 2000s?
What practical roadblock prevented generative POMDP-based trackers from scaling effectively?
Discriminative models fundamentally changed the objective by directly modeling which probability?
Which researchers are credited with showing how standard multiclass logistic regression could be applied to score enumerated dialog states in 2006?
What was the primary contribution of the Dialog State Tracking Challenge (DSTC) series to the research field?
Approximately when was the Dialog State Tracking Challenge (DSTC) series initiated, solidifying DST as a distinct problem?
What task framing did researchers like Perez and Liu adopt in the mid-to-late 2010s for Dialog State Tracking using deep learning models?
What key advantage did treating DST as an MRC task provide over earlier fixed-ontology methods?
What consistent dominant error type was revealed when analyzing the best-performing trackers in DSTC1 and DSTC2?
Which US state consistently ranks highest in the absolute total number of patents granted?
What metric is often used to better measure innovation quality and efficiency rather than just raw volume?
What phenomenon explains why innovation tends to cluster in specific geographic areas?
Which state is specifically noted for driving high-value patents due to its renowned universities and biotech sectors?
According to Pioneer Institute analysis, what are critical drivers for translating basic research into patentable inventions?
What does a state having a superior patenting rate per thousand residents, despite a lower raw count than California, indicate?
What is a logistical advantage for startups locating near established IP infrastructure?
How does the geographic clustering of patents create a self-fulfilling prophecy for innovation centers?
What does the raw number of patents granted primarily reflect about a state's activity?